Tough Trip Through Paradise, 1878-1879

This book grew out of a manuscript left by Andrew Garcia. Bennett Stein edited the manuscript to tell Garcia's story of the 1877 Nez Perce War, the end of the buffalo herds, and other historic events in western life. Garcia, a man of Hispanic descent was born in El Paso, moved north to Montana in 1876 and became a mountain man. Garcia served as a herder and packer for the U.S. Army in Montana in the Yellowstone and Musselshell country, working for Colonel Samuel D. Sturgis' "Boys in Blue" out of Fort Ellis from 1876-1878. He was present during the Nez Perce War. The book begins in 1878, when Garcia left his job with the army to go into business with a man named Beaver Tom, trapping beaver and trading for buffalo robes. While trading with members of the Pend d'Oreilles tribe, Garcia met and married a Nez Perce woman known among the Pend d'Oreille as In-who-lise ('Broken Tooth'; her original name, Kot-kot-hy-hih, means White Feather), who had been with Chief Joseph's tribe when they ran from the U.S. Cavalry. The book includes Garcia's reproduction of her firsthand account of the final engagement with 7th Infantry at the Battle of the Big Hole.